Lisbon

Lisbon at the mouth of the river Tagus, district of Lisbon, Portugal.

Sevilla

Seville, on the river Guadalquivir; administrative centre of Andalusia, Spain Province of Seville in Andalusia (Sevilla, Andalucia), Spain.

English

The people of England; subjects of the English crown; English troops or populations, etc.

Edmund of Langley, earl of Cambridge (d. 1402)

Edmund of Langley, earl of Cambridge (1341 - 1402), duke of York; fifth son of Edward III, king of England, earl of Cambridge and later duke of York, uncle of king Richard II.

France

The kingdom of France, populated up until the Black Death of 1348-9 by 12-16 millions souls and including up to the Treaty of Brétigny (1360) the Ile-de-France together with the apanages of Normandy, Anjou, Bourbon, Champagne, Valois, Auvergne and Languedoc, plus a number of important fiefs such as the counties of Blois, Nevers and Foix, and (from 1349) Montpellier and the Dauphiné; diminished from 1354 by the growing activity and influence in the Cotentin and other parts of Normandy of the king of Navarre, Charles of Evreux, and by English conquests resulting in an enlarged duchy of Guyenne (essentially Gascony; will become the principality of Aquitaine) stretching from the borders of the great and at times pro-English duchy of Brittany to the Pyrenees (save for the neutral county of Béarn) and eastwards to embrace the Poitou, Limousin and Rouergue (on the border with the Languedoc); Ponthieu and Guines are also in English hands. The French re-conquest under Charles V and Du Guesclin progressively drives the English from the realm, leaving them (by 1370-80) the ports of Calais, Cherbourg, Brest, Bordeaux and Bayonne, and a much-reduced Aquitaine. Brittany returns to French allegiance from 1365 onwards (Treaty of Guérande).

Spain

Spain

Thierry de Robersart (the Canon)

Thierry de Robersart (the Canon), subordinate commander in Cambridge's expedition who had originally come from Hainault in queen Philippa's service.

Lisbon

Lisbon at the mouth of the river Tagus, district of Lisbon, Portugal.

Pedro Gonzalez

Thierry de Robersart (the Canon)

Thierry de Robersart (the Canon), subordinate commander in Cambridge's expedition who had originally come from Hainault in queen Philippa's service.

Miles Windsor (d. 1387)

Miles Windsor (c. 1354 - 1387), son of James Windsor and Elizabeth Streech. He was not the son of Sir William Windsor, Edward III's lieutenant in Ireland, as he died without an heir (although his wife Alice Perrers, Edward's mistress, bore three illegitimate children, possibly to the king) and his inheritance went to his nephew John Windsor. Moreover Miles' father James could not have been William's full brother, either, as in that case Miles would have inherited from William Windsor.

John de Southeray

Sir John de Southeray (1364/5 - c. 1383) was and illegitimate son of Edward III and Alice Ferrers. Froissart calls him alternatively ‘Soudree’ or ‘Soustree’, and says he was the bastard brother of the king of England, Richard II. Chris Given-Wilson notes that there can be little doubt that Froissart was confused in this matter, and that he is actually referring to his ‘bastard uncle’ John de Southeray. If this is accurate, Froissart is also mistaken in listing him as a participant in Gaunt’s campaign of 1386, as Given-Wilson and Curteis indicate that Southeray died sometime in 1383, making it impossible for him to have taken part in the later expedition to the Iberian Peninsula. He did, however, take part in the Portuguese expedition of 1381-2, in fact he was the leader of the mutiny against Edmund of Langley’s leadership of the campaign.

Soudan de la Trau

The soudan de la Trau, a Gascon lord, subordinate commander in the earl of Cambridge's host in Portugal in 1381.

Raymond de Saint-Marsan

Raymond de Saint-Marsan.

Manuscript reading: aparillierent

Emended reading: se aparillierent

Manuscript reading: Candevich

Emended reading: Sandevich

Manuscript reading: Nef

Emended reading: Noef

SHF vol. 10, p. 159

Acad. royale, vol. 9, p. 453

SHF vol. 10, p. 160