garþer (OSw) garth (ODan) garþr (OGu) garðr (ON) gærþer (OSw) noun

It is often unfeasible to distinguish between the main meanings, ‘fence, barrier’ and ‘enclosed land’, which is an ambiguity that can be traced back to the etymological origin of garþer. By extension garþer also may refer to the houses themselves — of various size and stature — and/or to the open space enclosed by those houses.


dam OIce Llb 56
enclosure ONorw BorgL 9.1
ONorw EidsL 38.2
OGu GL A 24f (64), 25
OIce Grg Rsþ 230

estate ONorw GuL Arb
OIce Kge 13
OIce Js Ert 19
OIce KRA 15
OSw KrL Kgb
OSw MEL Kgb
OSw MESt Kgb

farm OSw ÄVgL Slb, Äb, Gb, Jb, Tb
OSw BjR
OSw DL Eb, Gb, Rb
ONorw EidsL 27.6
ODan ESjL 2, 3
OGu GL A 12, 13, 16, 17, 20, 27, 37, 39, 50, 56, 65, Add. 7, 8 (B 49, 55)
OGu GS Ch. 3
ONorw GuL Mhb
OSw HL Kkb, Kgb, Äb, Mb, Jb, Kmb, Blb, Rb
OIce Mah 3
ODan JyL 2, 3
OSw KrL Gb Bb Add
OSw MESt Äb Jb Bb Skb Gb
OSw ÖgL Eb, Db, Gb, Jb, Rb, Bb
OSw SdmL Kgb, Gb, Bb, Kmb, Mb, Tjdb, Rb
ODan SkBL
ODan SkL 6
OSw SmL
OSw UL Kgb, Äb, Mb, Kmb, Blb, Rb
OSw VmL Kgb, Äb, Mb, Jb, Kmb, Bb, Rb
ODan VSjL 56, 65, 86
OSw YVgL Kkb, Äb, Gb, Tb, Föb, Add

farm estate OGu GL A 20
farm unit ODan JyL 3
farmstead ODan ESjL 2
OSw ÖgL Eb, Db, Gb
OSw YVgL Tb, Add

farmyard OSw DL Eb, Mb
OSw UL Kgb, Mb, Blb
OSw VmL Kgb, Mb, Jb

fence OSw ÄVgL Rlb, Jb, Fös, Föb
OSw DL Bb, Tjdb
ODan ESjL 2, 3
ONorw FrL KrbA 13 Rgb 41 LlbA 2
OGu GL A 7, 9, 24f (64), 25, 26, 35, 63
ONorw GuL Krb, Kpb, Llb, Tfb, Kvr, Mhb, Tjb, Olb
OSw HL Jb, Blb
OIce Mah 2 Lbb 3
ODan JyL 1, 3
OSw KrL Bb
OSw MEL Bb
OSw ÖgL Rb Bb
OSw SdmL Kkb, Jb, Bb, Till
ODan SkL 167, 186
OSw UL Kkb, Mb, Jb, Blb
OSw VmL Kkb, Mb, Jb, Bb
ODan VSjL 58, 74
OSw YVgL Kkb, Urb, Rlb, Jb, Föb, Utgb, Add

fencing OSw KrL Jb
OSw MEL Jb

hay-yard OIce Llb 9
home ONorw GuL Tfb
home field OFar Seyð 5
homestead OSw DL Eb, Mb, Bb, Gb, Rb
OIce Kab 9
OSw KrL Rb Eb Hb
OSw MEL Rb Eb Hb
OSw MESt Eb Hb DbI SmbI

house ODan ESjL 2
ODan JyL 1−3

house and garden OSw KrL Jb
OSw MEL Jb

manor ODan SkL 172
place ODan ESjL 2
plantation OSw VmL Kkb, Bb
premises OIce Grg Arþ 125
OIce Kge 18

residence OSw UL Jb
OSw VmL Jb

trap OSw SdmL Bb
wall ONorw EidsL 38.1
OIce Grg Þsþ 48 Lbþ 175 Fjl 222 Hrs 234
OIce Lbb 3 Llb 31 Þjb 6
OIce Js Lbb 22

yard ONorw FrL LlbA 1
OIce Grg Rsþ 230
ONorw GuL Krb, Olb
OSw HL Mb
OIce Js Lbb 22 Þjb 5
OSw SdmL Mb
Expressions:

lagha garþer (OSw)

Defined as to the construction and size with differences for those surrounding an OSw aker (‘field’) or an OSw æng (‘meadow’) (cp. laghegarth).

legal fence OSw HL Blb

miþal garþr (OGu)

fence between fields or meadows OGu GL A 25

Refs:

Adams 1976, s.v. settlement; CV s.v. garðr; Helle 2001, 106−16; Hellquist [1948] 1964, s.v. gård; KLNM s.v. gård; Pellijeff 1967; Schlyter 1877, s.v. garþer.

Citation
  • ‘garþer’. A Lexicon of Medieval Nordic Law.

  • http://www.dhi.ac.uk/lmnl/nordicheadword/displayPage/1682
    (03/26/2023)