saker (OSw) sakr (OGu) sekr (ON) sæker (OSw) adj.

Derived from the noun sak ‘case; cause; crime; fine’. Often translated as ‘guilty’ or occasionally ‘sentenced’. Frequently appers with the amount to be paid in fines/compensation, which explains translations such as ‘guilty/liable/obliged to pay’, ‘guilty/liable/responsible to compensate’. The specifically OIce usage (ON sekr) ‘outlawed’ (Grg) changed into ‘liable to pay a fine’ or ‘under penalty’ in the later Js and Jó, possibly related to a stronger emphasis on the expropriation of the convicted’s possessions.


case OSw YVgL Föb
compensation OSw YVgL Jb
condemned OIce Grg Þsþ 48
convicted OSw ÖgL Rb
defendant OSw ÖgL Rb
fine OSw YVgL Jb
fined OGu GL A 4
OIce Grg Klþ 2
OIce Þfb 2, 3 Sg 1
OIce Js Mah 12
OIce KRA 1, 14
ONorw FrL KrbA 8 KrbB 4 Mhb 7, 9 Var 1 Bvb 6
OSw ÖgL Kkb

guilty OIce Þjb 8
OSw ÄVgL Gb, Tb, Fös
OSw ÖgL Kkb Rb Bb
OSw YVgL Tb

guilty to compensate OSw ÖgL Kkb, Db
OSw YVgL Utgb

guilty to pay OSw ÖgL Vm
guilty to pay Kmb
liable OSw DL Bb
OSw KrL Kgb Bb Rb DbI SmbII
OSw MEL Kgb Bb Rb DbI
OSw MESt Rb
OSw UL Rb

liable to (pay) OGu GL A 9, 10, 13, 25, 26, 31, 48, 55, 56a, 61
OSw UL Kkb, Mb, Kmb, Rb
OSw VmL Kkb, Äb, Mb, Kmb, Bb

liable to compensate OSw ÖgL Kkb
OSw YVgL Kkb, Föb, Utgb

liable to pay OSw SdmL Kkb, Äb, Bb, Kmb, Mb, Rb, Till
liable to pay compensation or a fine ONorw GuL Kpb, Løb, Llb, Leb
obliged to pay OSw ÖgL Rb
OSw YVgL Gb

obliged to pay a fine OSw DL Tjdb
outlawed OIce Grg Þsþ 48 Vís 102 Bat 113 Feþ 158
responsible to compensate OSw YVgL Tb
sentenced OSw HL Kkb
sentenced to pay OSw MEL Rb
under penalty OFar Seyð 5
OIce Grg Klþ 1 Vís 90 Feþ 144 Lbþ 172 Misc 237
Refs:

Breisch 1994, 162–63; Brink 2002; Cleasby and Vigfússon s.v. sekr; Fritzner s.v. sekr; Riisøy 2014; SAOB s.v. sak; Schlyter s.v. saker

Citation
  • ‘saker’. A Lexicon of Medieval Nordic Law.

  • http://www.dhi.ac.uk/lmnl/nordicheadword/displayPage/4443
    (04/27/2024)